DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0378(01)00103-6
PII: S0165-0378(01)00103-6
Copyright © 2002
Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Novel signaling pathways involved in sperm acquisition of fertilizing capacity
P. E. Visconti,
, V. A. Westbrook, O. Chertihin, I. Demarco,
S. Sleight and A. B. Diekman
Center for Recombinant Gamete Contraceptive Vaccinogens. Department of
Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Received 4 May 2001; accepted 15 May 2001. Available
online 26 November 2001.
Capacitation is a complex series of molecular events that occurs in sperm after epididymal maturation and confers on sperm the ability to fertilize an egg. This process can be mimicked in vitro in defined media, the composition of which is based on the electrolyte concentration of oviductal fluid. In most cases, capacitation media contain energy substrates, such as pyruvate, lactate and glucose, a cholesterol acceptor (usually serum albumin), NaHCO3, Ca2+, low K+, and physiological Na+ concentrations. The mechanism of action by which these compounds promote capacitation is poorly understood at the molecular level; however, some molecular events significant to the initiation of capacitation have been identified. For example, capacitation correlates with cholesterol efflux from the sperm plasma membrane, increased membrane fluidity, modulations in intracellular ion concentrations, hyperpolarization of the sperm plasma membrane and increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation. These molecular events are required for the subsequent induction of hyperactivation and the acrosome reaction. This review discusses the recent progress that has been made in elucidating mechanisms which regulate sperm capacitation.
Author Keywords: Bicarbonate; cAMP; Capacitation; Signal
transduction; Sperm; Tyrosine phosphorylation
Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-434-243-4825; fax: +1-434-982-3914; email: pv6j@virginia.edu

atualizado em 28/07/03